Needle Plate Sewing Machine / Needle / Feed Dog / Ubodna Pločica Igla Transportni Zubci

There are several problems when working with a sewing machine in the area of the needle and the needle plate. This whole visible assembly consists of several parts, all shown in the first figure: needle bar (oscillating needle holder), foot bar, thread eye, needle clamp, foot clamp, needle, presser foot, transport teeth (feed dog), bobbin, movable plate...

Nekoliko se problema javlja pri radu sa šivacom mašinom u predjelu igle i ubodne plocice. Taj cijeli vidljivi sklop se sastoji iz više dijelova, sve je to prikazano na prvoj slici: iglenjača (oscilirajuci nosač igle), nosač stopice, ušica za konac, pritezni vijak za iglu, pritezni vijak za stopicu, igla, stopica, transportni zubci (donji transporter), ubodna pločica, bobina-spulna, pokretna pločica...

The appearance of these parts can vary somewhat, depending on the class of machine and model. Newer models also have an accessory for easier insertion of the thread into the needle and some other accessories. I have already written about cleaning and maintenance of these parts several times, so as not to repeat (see the archive of the site) ... I will dwell on two common problems, which are needle cracking and the machine does not pull the material.? 

If the machine does not pull the material itself, the problem is in the transport teeth, or they do not come out quite enough (marked with the letter "Z" in the picture) or the transport teeth have worn out over time, it can be a combination of both problems.

Raise the foot and lower the gaze very low, look parallel down the platform of the machine, turn the machine by hand and observe the extent to which the feed teeth protrude beyond the "Z", this "gap", variable, but some approximate measure would be Z = 0.5-1 mm, if it is below that it should be increased, in case the transport teeth are worn out and no longer have their "sharpness", they need to be replaced. 

By replacing the lower conveyor, ie the transport teeth and its normal adjustment, the machine will work completely differently, it will have a fairly even and uniform stitch. What happens when the machine pulls the material poorly and the worker on the machine cannot fix the existing problem?

Well, the one who works behind the machine practically partially or completely pulls the material by hand, and in those cases the needle is very often bent and hit its tip into the puncture plate, then the needle tip is deformed, the puncture plate is damaged, uneven stitch and often the needle knows break.!

Izgled ovih dijelova donekle može varirati, zavisi od klase mašine i modela-brenda. Noviji modeli imaju i dodatak za lakše udijevanje konca u iglu i još nekih dodataka. O čišcenju i održavanju ovih dijelova sam već nekoliko puta pisao pa da ne ponavljam (pogledaj arhivu sajta).....Zadržat ću se na dva česta problema a to su pucanje igle i mašina ne vuče materijal.? Ako mašina ne vuče sama materijal problem je u transportnim zubcima, ili ne izlaze sasvim dovoljno (na slici označeno sa slovom"Z") ili su se vremenom transportni zubci istrošili, može biti imkombinacija oba problema. Podignemo stopicu i spustimo pogled veoma nisko, gledamo paralelno niz platformu mašine, vrtimo ručno mašinu i posmatramo u kojoj mjeri transportni zubi izlaze izvan ubodne pločice "Z", taj "zazor", da ga tako nazovem, varira, ali neka okvirna mjera bi bila Z=0,5-1 mm, ukoliko je ispod toga treba ga povećati, u slučaju da su se transportni zubi istrošili i nemaju više onu svoju "oštrinu" potrebno ih je zamijeniti. Zamjenom donjeg transportera, odnosno transportnih zubaca i njegovim normalnim podešavanjem mašina će potpuno drugačije raditi, imat ce dosta ravnomijeran i jednoličan štep. Šta se događa kada mašina slabo vuče materijal a radnik-ca na mašini ne može da otkloni postojeći problem? Pa onaj koji radi za mašinom praktično djelimično ili u potpunosti vuče materijal rukom a u tim slučajevima se dešava veoma često zakrivljenje igle i udaranje njenog vrha u ubodnu pločicu, tada dolazi do deformacije vrha igle, do oštecenja ubodne pločice, nejednoličanog štepa a često igla zna i pući (igla često puca).!

If the hole on the stitch plate is provided for a zigzag or any type of decorative stitch, then the hole is slightly larger and the possibility of the needle hitting the tile is rare, however, older models that have only a flat stitch, or sewing machines with a rotating plate, have a puncture plate with a small hole that can sometimes create a problem, in order to improve this condition it is necessary to build a tile and expand the hole to a maximum of 2/3 of the thickness of the plate (it all depends on the appearance of the puncture plate), some masters call it a "cone" drilling ", so that the hole gets those slopes as in the places where it is tightened with screws, thus part of the damage on the puncture plate is removed and any needle impacts on the plate are reduced.

This is done with a drill and a very sharp drill, older models of machines have very hard needle plate, so manual drilling is almost impossible, the hardness of the jigsaw varies from model to model. This intervention results in less frequent dulling, damage or cracking of the needle ... 

When sewing thin and stretchy materials frequently, do not widen the hole on the puncture plate. After that, it is necessary to additionally smooth the puncture plate with water abrasive paper in order to compensate for the old damage from the needle, if any, and the needle with the deformed or blunt tip must be replaced with a new one. With these few interventions, inspections and repairs, the performance of your sewing machine can be significantly improved.

Ukoliko je rupica na ubodnoj plocici predvidena za cik-cak ili bilo koju vrstu ukrasnog štepa, tada je rupica nešto veća i mogćnost udara igle u pločicu je rjedja, medjutim, stariji modeli koji imaju samo ravan štep, ili šivaće mašine sa rotirajucom pločicom (bagat"višnja"), imaju ubodnu pločicu sa malom rupicom koja nekada zna stvarati problem, da bi se to stanje koliko toliko popravilo potrebno je izgraditi pločicu i izvršiti proširenje rupice do za maksimalno 2/3 debljine pločice (sve zavisi od izgleda ubodne pločice), to neki majstori zovu "frezenkovanje", dakle da rupica dobije one kosine kao na mjestima gdje se priteže vijcima, time se dio oštećenja na ubodnoj pločici otklanja a eventualni udari igle u pločicu smanjuju. To se radi pomocu bušilice i veoma oštrog borera (burgije), stariji modeli mašina imaju veoma tvrde ubodne pločice, tako da je ručno bušenje gotovo pa nemoguće, tvrdoća ubodne pločice varira od modela do modela. Ovom intervencijom se dobija rjeđe zatupljivanje, oštećenje ili pucanje igle...Pri čestom šivenju tankih i rastezljivih materijala nemojte proširivati rupicu na ubodnoj ploči. Poslije toga je potrebno ubodnu pločicu dodatno zagladiti vodobrusnim papirom da bi se poravnala stara oštecenja od igle ako su ostala a iglu kojoj se vrh deformisao ili zatupio obavezno zamijeniti novom. Sa ovih nekoliko intervencija,pregleda i popravki može se znatno  poboljšati rad vaše mašine za šivanje.